The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.